Visit Bulgaria: Free Travel Guide to Europe’s Oldest Country Discover Balkan History, Friendly People, Diverse Cultures and Stunning Natural Beauty in Southeast Europe.

Bulgaria is a postage stamp sized country with long history, beautiful scenery, and destinations for every kind of tourist. Looking for an urban experience? Visit Sofia, the lively capital city of 2 million people, Varna, the jewel of the Bulgarian Black Sea, or Plovdiv, the European Capital of Culture 2019.

Bulgaria is home to 10 entries on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Cultural heritage sites include Rila Monastery, Boyana Church and the Ivanovo Rock-Hewn Churches, the Madara Horseman monumental relief, the Kazanlak and Sveshtari Thracian Tombs, and the ancient city of Nesebar. Pirin National Park, the Ancient European Beech Forests, and the Srebarna Nature Reserve are natural heritage sites included on the list.

Bulgaria is a year round holiday destination, with good family oriented ski resorts at Bansko, Borovets and Pamporovo, and over 130 kilometers of sandy beaches beckoning summer tourists to the Bulgarian Black Sea coast.

The Bulgarian Tourist Union operates a special program showcasing the top 100 tourist sites in the country. In addition to the UNESCO world heritage sites, all of which show up one way or another in top 100 program, the tourist union program includes a wide variety of historical places, museums, cultural monuments and natural features spread around all 28 Bulgarian provinces.

Bulgaria, located in southeastern Europe, has a rich and diverse history that dates back thousands of years. The earliest evidence of human habitation in the region dates to the Paleolithic period, with agricultural communities emerging during the Neolithic period. The Thracians, an ancient people known for their warrior culture and artistic achievements, inhabited the area from around 3500 BC. The Thracians were eventually absorbed by Greek, Persian, and Roman influences, leaving behind a legacy of impressive monuments and cultural traditions.

In the 7th century AD, the Bulgars, a semi-nomadic people, established the First Bulgarian Empire under the leadership of Khan Asparuh. This new state united the local Slavic tribes and the Bulgars, creating a powerful and influential empire that dominated the Balkans for centuries. The First Bulgarian Empire reached its peak during the reign of Tsar Simeon I in the 9th and 10th centuries, becoming a major cultural and political center in Europe. The empire eventually fell to the Byzantine Empire in 1018, but the Bulgarian spirit remained strong.

The Second Bulgarian Empire emerged in 1185, following a successful uprising against Byzantine rule. This period saw a cultural and economic revival, with the construction of impressive fortresses, churches, and monasteries. The empire reached its zenith under the rule of Tsar Ivan Asen II in the 13th century. The Second Bulgarian Empire eventually succumbed to the Ottoman Empire in 1396, leading to nearly five centuries of Ottoman domination. During this era, Bulgaria experienced significant cultural and religious changes, including the spread of Islam and the integration of Ottoman architectural styles into local buildings.

Bulgaria regained its independence in 1878, and the newly liberated nation embarked on a path of modernization and development. The early 20th century was marked by political turmoil and involvement in both World Wars. In 1946, Bulgaria became a People’s Republic under communist rule, aligned with the Soviet Union. The communist era brought about significant changes, including industrialization and collectivization, but also repression and lack of political freedoms. The period saw the construction of monumental architecture and the promotion of socialist ideals in education and culture.

The fall of communism in 1989 marked the beginning of a new chapter for Bulgaria. The country transitioned to a democratic government and a market economy, joining NATO in 2004 and the European Union in 2007. Today, Bulgaria continues to evolve as a modern European nation, embracing its rich history while looking forward to a promising future. The country’s diverse cultural heritage, from ancient Thracian artifacts to Ottoman architecture and communist-era monuments, reflects the complex and fascinating journey of the Bulgarian people through the ages.

Bulgaria, located in southeastern Europe, is a country with diverse and captivating geography that attracts tourists from all over the world. The country boasts a mix of stunning landscapes, ranging from majestic mountain ranges to pristine beaches along the Black Sea coast. Its varied terrain provides endless opportunities for adventure and exploration, making it a perfect destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts.

One of the most striking features of Bulgaria’s geography is the Balkan Mountain range, which runs through the center of the country from west to east. These mountains are home to picturesque villages, lush forests, and scenic hiking trails. The highest peak, Botev, stands at 2,376 meters and offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape. The Rila and Pirin Mountains in the southwest are also popular destinations, with Rila being home to the famous Rila Monastery and the Seven Rila Lakes, while Pirin boasts the beautiful Pirin National Park.

To the south of the Balkan Mountains lies the Thracian Plain, a fertile region known for its agriculture and vineyards. This area is perfect for those who enjoy a more relaxed pace, with opportunities to visit charming towns, historical sites, and local wineries. The Maritsa River, one of Bulgaria’s longest rivers, flows through the plain, providing a picturesque backdrop for leisurely activities like fishing and boating.

Bulgaria’s eastern border is defined by the Black Sea coast, which stretches for over 350 kilometers. This region is famous for its sandy beaches, crystal-clear waters, and lively seaside resorts. Popular destinations like Sunny Beach, Golden Sands, and the historic town of Nessebar offer a mix of relaxation and entertainment, making the coast a must-visit for sun-seekers and beach lovers. The coastal area is also home to several nature reserves and protected areas, where visitors can explore diverse ecosystems and observe wildlife.

In addition to its mountains, plains, and coastlines, Bulgaria is also known for its numerous caves and rock formations. The Devetashka Cave and the Belogradchik Rocks are just a couple of examples of the country’s unique geological wonders. These natural attractions, along with Bulgaria’s rich cultural heritage and vibrant cities, create a diverse and captivating destination that offers something for every traveler. Whether you’re seeking adventure, relaxation, or a glimpse into history, Bulgaria’s geography provides the perfect backdrop for an unforgettable vacation.

Bulgaria is a country rich in culture, offering visitors a unique blend of traditions, art, and history. One of the best ways to experience Bulgarian culture is through its delicious food. Bulgarian cuisine features a variety of fresh ingredients, with dishes like banitsa (a flaky pastry filled with cheese), shopska salad (a refreshing mix of tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, and feta cheese), and kebapche (grilled minced meat). Don’t forget to try the famous Bulgarian yogurt, known for its unique taste and health benefits. Traditional meals are often accompanied by a glass of rakia, a strong fruit brandy that is a staple in Bulgarian households.

Religion plays an important role in Bulgarian culture, with the majority of the population adhering to Eastern Orthodox Christianity. The country is home to numerous beautiful churches and monasteries, such as the Rila Monastery, a UNESCO World Heritage site. These religious sites are not only places of worship but also treasure troves of art and history. The frescoes, icons, and architectural designs found in these sacred places offer a glimpse into Bulgaria’s spiritual heritage and artistic achievements.

Folk arts are a significant aspect of Bulgarian culture, with traditions that have been passed down through generations. Handcrafted items like pottery, wood carvings, and embroidery showcase the skill and creativity of Bulgarian artisans. Traditional music and dance are also essential components of Bulgarian folk culture. The rhythmic melodies of Bulgarian folk music, played on instruments like the gaida (bagpipe) and kaval (flute), are often accompanied by energetic dances in intricate costumes. These vibrant performances are a must-see for any visitor looking to experience the heart of Bulgarian culture.

Bulgarians celebrate a variety of holidays and traditions that reflect their rich cultural heritage. One of the most popular celebrations is Martenitsa, held on March 1st, where people exchange red and white bracelets to wish each other health and happiness. Another significant holiday is Kukeri, a traditional festival where participants dress in elaborate costumes and masks to scare away evil spirits. Easter and Christmas are also widely celebrated, with unique customs and delicious festive foods that bring families and communities together.

Overall, Bulgaria’s culture is a fascinating blend of history, religion, art, and traditions that offer visitors a unique and immersive experience. From savoring delicious local dishes to exploring ancient monasteries and enjoying lively folk performances, there’s something for everyone to discover in this captivating country. Bulgaria’s rich cultural tapestry invites tourists to dive deep into its heritage and create unforgettable memories.

Bulgaria is a country with a rich culinary heritage, offering visitors a delightful experience of traditional food and drink. Bulgarian cuisine is characterized by its use of fresh, seasonal ingredients, vibrant flavors, and a mix of culinary influences from the Balkans, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East. Whether you’re dining in a local taverna or enjoying a home-cooked meal, you’ll find that Bulgarian dishes are hearty, flavorful, and prepared with love.

One of the most iconic dishes in Bulgarian cuisine is banitsa, a savory pastry made with layers of filo dough filled with a mixture of cheese, eggs, and yogurt. This delicious treat is often enjoyed for breakfast or as a snack throughout the day. Another must-try dish is shopska salad, a refreshing combination of tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, and peppers, topped with grated white cheese and dressed with olive oil and vinegar. This colorful salad is a staple at Bulgarian meals and perfectly complements the main course.

When it comes to main dishes, Bulgaria has a variety of options to satisfy every palate. Kafte and Kebapche are popular choices, consisting of grilled minced meat seasoned with spices and shaped intomeatballs or cylindrical sausages, respectively. They are often served with fries and a side of lyutenitsa, a spicy red pepper and tomato spread. Moussaka, a flavorful casserole made with layers of potatoes, minced meat, and béchamel sauce, is another beloved dish that reflects the Mediterranean influence on Bulgarian cuisine. For a taste of the sea, try tsatsa, small fried fish served with lemon and garlic sauce.

No meal in Bulgaria is complete without sampling the country’s famous yogurt, known for its unique taste and health benefits. Bulgarian yogurt is made using a specific strain of bacteria called Lactobacillus bulgaricus, which gives it a distinctive tangy flavor and creamy texture. It is often enjoyed on its own, mixed with fruits and honey, or used as a base for traditional dishes like tarator, a cold cucumber and yogurt soup that is perfect for hot summer days.

To complement your meal, don’t forget to try some traditional Bulgarian drinks. Rakia, a strong fruit brandy, is the national drink and is usually served as an aperitif. Made from various fruits like plums, grapes, or apricots, rakia is known for its robust flavor and warming effect. Bulgarian wines are also gaining international recognition, with a wide range of red, white, and rosé varieties produced in the country’s fertile wine regions. Melnik, Mavrud and Gamza are three local red grapes worth trying. Whether you’re savoring a glass of rakia or enjoying a local wine, you’ll find that Bulgarian drinks add an extra layer of enjoyment to your culinary adventure.

In summary, Bulgarian food and drink offer a rich tapestry of flavors and traditions that will leave any visitor delighted and satisfied. From savory pastries and refreshing salads to hearty main courses and delicious dairy products, there is something for everyone to enjoy. And with a variety of traditional drinks to complement your meals, your culinary journey through Bulgaria promises to be an unforgettable experience.

When visiting Bulgaria, you’ll find a wide variety of unique and traditional products that make perfect souvenirs to take home. These local items not only capture the essence of Bulgarian culture but also serve as wonderful mementos of your trip. From handcrafted goods to delicious treats, there are plenty of options to choose from, ensuring you bring a piece of Bulgaria back with you.

One of the most popular souvenirs is Bulgarian rose products. Bulgaria is famous for its rose oil production, and you can find a range of items made from this fragrant flower, including rose oil, perfumes, soaps, and cosmetics. Rose-infused delicacies like rose jam and rose liqueur are also delightful treats to take home. These products are not only unique but also have a pleasant and long-lasting fragrance, making them a perfect gift for loved ones.

Another great souvenir option is Bulgarian pottery. The country has a rich tradition of pottery making, with each region boasting its own distinctive style and designs. You can find beautifully crafted ceramic items such as plates, bowls, vases, and decorative pieces, all featuring vibrant colors and intricate patterns. These handmade items are perfect for adding a touch of Bulgarian artistry to your home and make for excellent conversation pieces.

For those with a sweet tooth, don’t miss out on Bulgarian honey and jams. Bulgarian honey is known for its high quality and exceptional taste, with flavors ranging from wildflower to acacia. Local jams made from fruits like strawberries, raspberries, and plums are also popular, often featuring unique combinations and traditional recipes. These delicious treats are perfect for sharing with friends and family or enjoying as a delightful reminder of your Bulgarian adventure.

If you can work out the details of carrying food products, there are some specific choices that scream “Bulgaria” to people who love them. Lyutenitsa is a traditional Bulgarian spread made from tomatoes, peppers, and spices. It’s a versatile condiment that can be enjoyed on bread, with cheese, or as a side dish. It comes in various flavors, from mild to spicy. While it might be challenging to transport fresh dairy, Bulgarian yogurt is famous for its distinctive taste and health benefits, thanks to the Lactobacillus bulgaricus bacteria. Bulgaria also produces a variety of delicious cheeses, such as Sirene (a white brined cheese similar to feta) and Kashkaval (a yellow semi-hard cheese). These cheeses are perfect for bringing home a taste of Bulgaria.

Traditional Bulgarian textiles and embroidery are another must-have souvenir. You can find beautifully crafted items such as tablecloths, rugs, and clothing adorned with intricate patterns and vibrant colors. These textiles showcase the skill and creativity of Bulgarian artisans and are perfect for adding a touch of traditional charm to your home or wardrobe. Look for items featuring the distinctive Bulgarian embroidery, which often includes geometric and floral motifs.

In summary, Bulgaria offers a wide range of unique and traditional products that make excellent souvenirs. From fragrant rose products and beautifully crafted pottery to delicious honey and jams, and intricate textiles and embroidery, there’s something for everyone to enjoy. These local items not only serve as wonderful reminders of your trip but also provide a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of Bulgaria. Happy shopping!

These are our top recommendations for visitors to Bulgaria. Why the Faber dozen?

1. Explore Sofia: Discover the capital city with its mix of ancient ruins, Soviet-era architecture, and vibrant modern culture.
2. Visit Plovdiv: Wander through one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, known for its Roman amphitheater and charming old town.
3. Relax at Sunny Beach: Enjoy the lively atmosphere, sandy beaches, and vibrant nightlife of this popular Black Sea resort.
4. Tour Rila Monastery: Marvel at the stunning frescoes and architecture of this UNESCO World Heritage site nestled in the Rila Mountains.
5. Hike Vitosha Mountain: Take a hike or ski trip to this accessible mountain retreat just outside Sofia, offering panoramic views and lush landscapes.
6. Discover Varna: Explore this coastal city with its Roman bathhouses, beautiful beaches, and the impressive Dormition of the Mother of God Cathedral.
7. Visit Veliko Tarnovo: Experience the historic City of the Tsars, with its medieval fortress, cobblestone streets, and stunning views of the Yantra River.
8. Explore Pirin National Park: Hike through this UNESCO World Heritage site, known for its diverse flora and fauna, glacial lakes, and rugged peaks.
9. See the Belogradchik Rocks: Admire the unique rock formations and ancient fortress in this picturesque region.
10. Tour the Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak: Visit this UNESCO World Heritage site, famous for its well-preserved frescoes and ancient burial practices.
11. Relax in Bansko: Enjoy this charming mountain town, known for its ski resorts, traditional architecture, and lively festivals.
12. Visit the Rose Valley: Experience the beauty and fragrance of Bulgaria’s famous rose fields, and learn about rose oil production.
13. Explore the Seven Rila Lakes: Hike to these stunning glacial lakes, each with its own unique shape and beauty.
14. Discover the Ancient City of Nessebar: Wander through this UNESCO World Heritage site, with its cobblestone streets, ancient churches, and beautiful coastal views.
15. Tour the Boyana Church: Visit this medieval Bulgarian Orthodox church, known for its impressive frescoes and historical significance.